Тест по английскому языку в формате ЕГЭ для 11 классов с углубленным изучением языка. | Материал для подготовки к ЕГЭ (ГИА) по английскому языку (11 класс) на тему: | Образовательная социальная сеть

Мониторинг для учащихся сдающих ЕГЭ и профильных 11 классов

Чтение (40 минут)

B2

B3

Health Advice for Travellers

Doctors tend to be poor educators; we have depressingly little to show for our efforts to educate the general public on even such a clear-cut issue as the effects of cigarette smoking on health.  How much more difficult, then is it for doctors to provide large numbers of departing travellers with detailed information and effective advice for their trip when the usual forum for doing so is a single, hurried consultation, just before departure. There are limits to what can be achieved in or should be expected from a medical consultation A_____, even when the doctor is well- informed about the subject, and the traveller is receptive, has a perfect memory, and is good at doing what he or she is told.

What kind of advice should travelers receive? A list of rules and instructions B______ carries the implication that travellers are incapable of understanding the principles involved, are not interested, or do not ‘need’ to know. C______ advice offered on such condescending terms is seldom followed for long. The best advice is not a list of dos and don’ts, but a clear, rational explanation from which a conclusion is obvious.

D_____, we have studiously avoided giving advice to consult a doctor without stating the reason for doing so. ‘Consult your doctor’ is a useful formula to enable advice-givers to avoid difficult issues, but is a particularly unhelpful one when it relates to a problem which may arise abroad. E_____to find a doctor in a remote place. Some 85% of the world’s population have never seen a doctor, and never will. Advice for travellers must take account of the fact that travellers to many parts of the world will be F______.

1. It is hardly surprising that
2. But despite this
3. Throughout this book
4. In the same position
5. Given without explanation or justifications
6. It is not easy
7. Under the best of circumstances

A walk in the midday sun

        Hot weather makes your heart pump harder, and if you’re not very fit, you start to understand why the majority of mountain rescue statistics are made up from summer walkers suffering heart attacks. Heat exhaustion is quite easy to get when you’re making a great physical effort. It happens where your body can’t produce enough sweat to keep you cool.

        The answer is to keep up your water intake. It’s a good idea to drink a pint of water for every 10 degrees Fahrenheit every 24 hours. So, if the temperature is in the 70s, and you are doing a five-hour walk, you’ll need a minimum of around one and a half pints of water. It’s vital that you don’t wait until you develop a raging thirst before you stop for a drink – keep taking regular swigs from your water bottle.

        Many walkers flavour their water with fruit juice, which makes it a lot more palatable. You could even use one of the isotonic drinks made for athletes, which replace the body’s salts lost through sweating. Powders such a Dioralyte, which you may have in the house as a treatment for diarrhoea, will do the job just as well, as its main aim is also effective rehydration.

        Given that evaporation is your body’s cooling mechanism, you can help things along with an external application of water. Soaking your hat with water is a great way to cool the head, through if the sun is beating down, it will probably dry off almost immediately. Better still then if you can plunge into a river or the sea fully-clothed. And if that’s not possible, then at least take off your boots and socks and paddle in a cool stream.

        Walking in the heat increases the rate at which your feet swell, which can lead to them feeling tight in your boots. Cool water from a stream reduces any swelling and helps general foot comfort. At the same time, you can check out your feet for signs of blisters. Extra sweating makes the skin softer and increases the chance of blisters forming, in the same way as when water leaks into your boots and gets to your feet.

        As for what clothing you wear, this should be lightweight and reasonably loose-fitting. Tight clothing will feel uncomfortable and may even lead to the formation of an irritating rash known as ‘prickly heat’ on your skin. The answer, if this does develop, is to try and stay cool as much as possible. Do this by either keeping in the shade, or washing the affected area with cold water, but without soap. But prevention is by far the best approach, so keep your clothing light.

        It’s understandable to want to remove any extraneous clothing when it’s extremely hot, but it doesn’t really make much sense to take off T-shirts. The sun’s rays can be quite strong, and shoulders are always very sensitive to sunburn. This is the worst place to be red and sore when you are wearing a heavy rucksack on your back. Wearing shorts can also create problems for walkers, as the backs of the legs can catch the sun very easily.

        In fact, those days when an apparently harmless breeze is blowing can be the most deceptive. It might not feel so hot, so you probably won’t notice the damage being done so soon. As on every other day then, a good strong sun cream should therefore be applied to any skin which is exposed. Make the most of the summer, but treat the sun with the respect it deserves.

Грамматика и лексика (40 минут)

Teen Spending

Exams

JOGGING

What do trees do? They blind together hillside soil and reduce erosion A22_____to run-off. Besides A23_____ a source of food and income-earing products, forests function as natural ‘gene banks’ and as a veritable virtual A24____ of biodiversity. Products from trees, shrubs, forests and bush lands provide a source of nutrition A25_____ingredients for medicines. Trees A26_____ provide shade to cattle and crops, leaves and pods provide fodder and the wood serves as fuel or is used for construction activities. They slow the wind and A27 _____it from fields, protecting the crops and reducing erosion. They can also be grown as cash crop for fruits, oil, timber, latex and gum A28_____. Trees help recycle nutrients from deep in the soil to the surface – nitrogen fixing trees act as natural fertilizers by absorbing nitrogen from the atmosphere and fixing it in the soil.